glp-1 shits A diabetes drug. Then a weight-loss drug. Then a global blockbuster. Here's how GLP-1s went from helping manage blood sugar to becoming one of medicine's biggest stories. [GLP-1, Ozempic, Wegovy, Mounjaro, diabetes Ozempic Users Pooping Pants Weigh

If you're on a GLP-1 medication, it's worth knowing that alcohol is high in calories and can cause blood sugar levels to spike and crash

Exenatide, a synthetic version of exendin-4 produced industrially, was the first GLP-1RA approved for the market [exenatide twice daily (EX-BID)], followed by a long-acting formulation that improved the delivery system [exenatide once a week (EX-QW)]

Nonetheless, this classical view has been challenged by the development of thiazolidinediones, which possess potent insulin-sensitizing properties despite having very low to absent PPAR-binding affinity 51

By slowing gastric emptying and acting directly on brain receptors that regulate hunger, these medications significantly reduce food intake

Sodium butyrate reduces high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis through upregulation of hepatic GLP-1R expression

Moreover, combination therapies have demonstrated significant advantages, such as Novo Nordisks CagriSema (semaglutide + cagrilintide), which shows superior glycemic control and weight reduction effects compared to semaglutide alone, demonstrating that combination therapy can achieve more than the sum of its parts while reducing side effects