Oxidants = reactive oxygen species (ROS) / free radicals Antioxidants = molecules that neutralise ROS by donating electrons This is fundamentally a REDOX imbalance Free radicals are electron-deficient molecules that: Steal electrons from healthy cells Trigger chain reactions of oxidation Damage: Cell membranes (lipid peroxidation) Proteins (enzyme dysfunction) DNA (accelerated ageing, impaired repair) In SKIN, this translates to: Fine lines & wrinkles Loss of elasticity Pigmentation irregularities Impaired barrier function Chronic inflammation UV radiation ( primary extrinsic ageing factor ) Pollution & cigarette smoke Inflammation (acne, rosacea, dermatitis) Poor sleep & psychological stress Aggressive aesthetic treatments without adequate antioxidant support Antioxidants donate electrons without becoming unstable themselves, effectively terminating free-radical chain reactions and reducing OXIDATIVE STRESS
Reduction of atherosclerosis requires long-term treatment [53], hence longer trials are better suited to show a reduction in risk of myocardial infarction or other atherosclerotic complications of diabetes
J Nutr 134:489492 Ferrari CK (2012) Effects of xenobiotics on total antioxidant capacity
This allows for more consistent training and helps prevent the cumulative fatigue often associated with overtraining
The causes of spotted lips range from harmless sunspots to spots that are a symptom of a medical condition
Effect of iodine biofortification of lettuce seedlings on their mineral composition and biological quality
