Systemically, excess copper catalyzes Fenton-like reactions, generating excessive ROS that cause oxidative damage to lipids, proteins, and DNA [31]
DuSXLuLLGengNVictorDWChenLZWangCet al
Oxidative stress and antioxidant defense
This led to GSH depletion, a burst of lipid peroxides, and accumulation of labile iron, collectively triggering ferroptosis
Together, these steps outline a feasible bench-to-bedside strategy, addressing both regulatory and translational gaps
This estrogen loss is especially observed when women approach peri- and postmenopause [9] and has a profound impact on dermal health and affects almost all organ systems, which has an overall negative influence on womens quality of life (QOL) [10]