a decrease in sperm motility (due to mitochondria damage resulting in a reduction in ATP [energy], and damage to the tail a decrease in sperm viability (how long they remain alive) an increase in mid-piece morphology defects (comprised of mostly mitochondria) deleterious effects on sperm capacitation and acrosome reaction (aka sperms ability to fertilize the egg) increased sperm DNA damage and apoptosis (cell death) And could contribute to possible birth defects It should be noted that almost all human ejaculate contains reactive oxygen species (ROS), primarily produced from the above-mentioned lifestyle and environmental factors ( consumption of sugars and oxidized vegetable oils, smoking, alcohol, exposure to environmental toxins, high or chronic emotional stress, circadian rhythm dysregulation (poor sleep), lack of exercise, infections, and a lack of antioxidant intake ), as well as from abnormally shaped sperm present (meaning, if there is a high % of abnormally shaped sperm, or poor morphology, more reactive oxygen species (ROS) will be present, and these days, most sperm samples contain a large % of abnormally shaped sperm)
However, in order to qualify for additional refills, youll need to get an HbA1c test and either a basic or comprehensive metabolic panel blood test
Additionally, oxidative stress can impair the clearance mechanisms of A, including autophagy and proteasomal degradation, contributing to its accumulation [154]
doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2011.07.045 76 BagchiDMcGinnTRYeXBagchiMKrohnRLChatterjeeAet al
PMID 24464856
Besides lowering blood glucose and reducing weight (incredibly visceral fat), GLP-1R agonists can also lower blood pressure, improve blood lipid disorder, and reduce fatty liver (16, 140)
